ground rules for group projects

This paper contains practical techniques and practices that will help you facilitate your meetings more effectively, transforming them into well-planned, well-managed journeys that engage the team while achieving the intended goals. Do you kick him out? Ground rules can be very useful indeed in group work University of British Columbia. But conflict can also erode motivation. Don't allow these to be quelled out of a desire to keep the group on task, and By the same token, the teamwork skills they learned in one context (say on a soccer team or in a theatrical production) may not be directly applicable to another (e.g., a design project involving an external client.). to lead to effective and productive group performance. By assigning roles in your group, everyone can know each other's responsibilities and what to expect. The goal in designing the classroom to be conducive to small group work is to design a structure that allows the teacher or co-teachers to interact quickly and easily with all students. Carnegie Mellon University: Eberly Center. Conflicts and issues will inevitably arise in during the course of many long-term project. In addition, listening carefully to your colleagues explanations will help you understand the situation more fully. This includes enjoying and having fun during the process. listening skills. Why are ground rules so important? Not as much as the comment, but still present. Ground rules are standards set by a team to help them function in the future. All project team members have access to project plan and project logs (ina standard document format) and are aware ofthe assigned tasks and due dates. The concept of professionalism refers to the ideology of a professional group, according to which the group acts purposefully and in an organised manner to pursue their own interests within the rules of the game of the society. And then, if a disagreement on some items takes place, you may vote for them with hands up. Only project managersubmits all final deliverables to business customer for sign-off or approval. Retrieved March 9, 2022 from https://success.oregonstate.edu/sites/success.oregonstate.edu/files/LearningCorner/Tools/4-page_twdw_-_fill_-_20.pdf. each group to adopt or adapt and prioritize. I disagree with the above commenter that the manager is the weakest link. This could be weekly, biweekly, or staggered dates throughout. Not the usual vapid, obvious statements like Be respectful or Dont interrupt. Its like when the stewardess wastes your time telling you how to operate a seat belt. It is best when the Project meeting. What will be the primary platform for asynchronous group communication? This can be done through another round of self-selection, random draw, or any number of processes. Silence is considered agreement with the decision to be made. Treat each other with kindness and tolerance first. It's not just for Las Vegas. Rotate the responsibility for summing up the position of the Build time into the project schedule that is specifically devoted to planning. Ask students to periodically evaluate their own or others contributions to the group in relation to a set of process goals, such as respectfully listening to and considering opposing views or a minority opinion, effectively managing conflict around differences in ideas or approaches, keeping the group on track during and between meetings, promptness in meeting deadlines, etc. All meeting minutes, key decisions, assumptions and business rules must be documented and all action items must be followed up and assigned to a resource with expected completion date. Another possibility: they could be the type that thinks out loud, getting carried away in their own verbal thought process without really noticing the minutes ticking by. Ground rules detail the code of conduct for a meeting and the team, explaining the behavior that's expected of all participants. To be effective ground rules must be clear, consistent, agreed-to and followed. As a group, discuss the project's outline and be sure to come to a consensus about what is expected. Important rules of project management: Where is your position successful project manager? I think project team ground rules should be rules that apply to ALL EQUALLY. Even worse, if its discovered later that someone withheld information, it can cause major problems. Arrange tasks so that all students are within the teachers view. Be clear in stating teacher expectations. Considerations include meetings, attendance, communication, and conflict. the ideas of others and validating each other's experiences. that proved useful in practice, but which were not consciously applied. Group ground rules are analogous to an organizations' set of policies and procedure: they identify how members should act. Which ground rules do you think would help us hold better meetings? Taking a couple of minutes to complete this at the start of your project will give everyone a clear path to navigate and clear expectations of them by the group. You might then ask students to formally agree to these ground rules by signing a group learning contract (Barkley, Cross & Major, 2005). As a bonus, it helps leaders and facilitators deal with any challenging behaviours that arise. Some simple icebreaker activities can lead off to an agreeable group environment. The following suggestions include some of the issues and starting The short description of the ground rules above doesnt really do the book justice. The team has to come up with them on their own. Ground rules are statements of values and guidelines which a group establishes consciously to help individual members to decide how to act. regular programme of meetings, task report backs and task allocation is likely We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Ground rules need to be defined considering project organization in detail. 9. (2005). Use a decision-making rule that generates the degree of commitment needed If these (or other) ground rules are followed, hopefully all members will feel that they have all the information necessary to make an informed choice and that their voices have been heard. You will appreciate this tolerance when that tricky day is yours. One caution, though: people may use the term norm interchangeably to refer to your written "Norms" and also to any normal-but-undesirable behavior in the group, as in "Sally's 6 minute's late, as per norm," which can weaken these agreements over time. Take advantage of class endings, year completions, graduations and program finales to foster interpersonal support and interaction among youth. The aim of the professional group is, on the one hand, to maintain the advantages obtained and, on the other, to . See an example of such a board (click on the image below to enlarge it). How will the class be rearranged when necessary? Please please please! 9. Build time into the project schedule that is specifically devoted to planning. Model the process of planning for a complex task by explaining how you would approach a similar task. Consolidate: choose your team's top values. A Validation Circle engages youth to "validate" and celebrate their peers for something that they have done. If this is unclear, ask. What are other key things that you have found useful and we can add to this list? 7. (n.d.). The more transparent these factors are, the less likely you are to encounter misunderstanding-based conflicts. Accept constructive criticism gracefully. If project leaders were just to avoid the most destructive and amateurish errors, those discussed even in introductory texts on project management, half the project failures I have seen could have been avoided. Every voice deserves to be heard, even if people don't University of Waterloo. In general, the ability to be 'present' and to exercise self-control. Discuss how the group will respectfully get back on task when a group member(s) are off-topic, coopting too much time/energy of a meeting, or have become too fixated on an individual issue that is not impacting the group. Group ground rules can include things such as: return e-mails from group members within 24 hours; come to meetings on time and prepared; meet deadlines; listen to what your teammates have to say; respond to one another's comments politely but honestly; be constructive . Such ground-rules certainly eliminate unnecessary confusion and your business customer and team memberslike it defined beforehand. As a trainer who very often works with groups, one of Schwarzs theories caught my eye: establishing ground rules for groups. Be patient with alternative viewpoints, different kinds of learners, writers, & speakers. Project management, today,has many challenges - the most important being people management. Newfoundland. Rather than, for example, He says the budget cant go up, but I want a new computer, think, He needs more money for the advertising costs, but I cant process the graphics with my old, slow computer. Then, were thinking in terms of what people really need, instead of what we think they might want. Where articulated ground rules are missing, natural behavior patterns often emerge spontaneously. Because students have limited resources, they cannot divide tasks but must strategize and work together. Any planned day off or vacation must be communicated in advance toproject managerso that project plan can be updated and impact to work, if any, can be analyzed. complete work sheets and journal entries or engage in other activities . I-statements - are ways for people to speak for themselves and their own experiences when talking and not to speak for others unless asked to. Team members should ask for help if feeling stuck or falling behind the schedule instead of waiting for miracle. Being compassionate and kind is closely related to empathy. Play an equal role in the team by contributing equally to every task. Whatever the reason, when you set a clear expectation about the kind of behavior the group wants in meetings, you can talk openly about that behavior in the group. Strategies for Effective Group Process: Establish Ground Rules - Susan Fitzell Common core: Ideas and techniques for establishing effective group process Common core: Ideas and techniques for establishing effective group process I hope now you can see all the values of establishing team ground rules for your project and will practice them with your teams. You might hear this referred to as non-evaluation (and it's also a key concept of the Atlassian Open mindset ). Written by Four common types of team conflict and how to resolve them. This means the burden and the power to manage the conversation falls not just on the meeting leader - ground rules give everyone on the team a tool they can use! Lucid Meetings Co-Founder, based in Portland, OR, Second Rise LLC, all rights reserved Privacy, Using Ground Rules to Improve Engagement and Run Excellent Team Meetings, we hosted a webinar on how to increase engagement during team meetings, U.S. We adopt these ground rules as our shared commitment to doing great work in meetings. Everyone is responsible for keeping the meeting on track. 5. Collaborative learning techniques: A handbook for college faculty. A few factors to be considered are: - Team location: Location of the team is essential in defining ground rules. Inform team leader if unable to complete work on time. Your next step is to set up your group's goals, roles, and ground rules to make the most of your time working together. Establish ground rules. Determine how information from meetings will be shared with members who were unavoidably absent. He then asks: What mechanisms could your group put in place to capitalize on these strengths and compensate for these weaknesses? An understanding of the things we agree help us do our best work in meetings, A documented set of agreementsor ground ruleswell use to make sure our meetings are effective going forward. 11. The person sharing that wisdom is telling me that my dogs and my childrens poor behavior persists because I allow it to; because Im creating the conditions where that kind of thing can occur not just once, but repeatedly. For tasks which remain after this initial selection process begin to delegate these out in an equitable fashion. The difference between ground rules and group agreements may, for some, be semantics if the process of developing guidelines are the same. Lessons Learned: Does It Really Work in Projects? initially agree with the point of view being expressed. In one course on game design, group assignments require students to create playable games that incorporate technical (e.g., programming) and design skills. There are a couple of factors that should be taken into account when establishing ground rules: The first thing we should avoid when establishing ground rules for effective teams is allowing a manager or a facilitator just give the ground rules to the group. Another role to be considered is that of the draft reviewer. of planning notes, minutes or other kinds of evidence of the progress of the On the other hand, in the course of time some rules may become irrelevant, so they can be dropped. Reviewing the mini-deadlines, or your own class schedules, establish meeting dates throughout the project's timeline to meet together as a group. Barkley, E.F., Cross, K.P., and Major, C.H. Each membershouldhave an equal amount of tasks they will carry from the group's workload. Students are considerably less likely to leave all the work to more responsible classmates if they know their individual performance will affect their grade. The term originally comes from baseball. There are three steps for each section: Brainstorm: record all of your team's thoughts. They articulate the set of expected behaviors for team members in the future. Speak up if you feel the group is drifting. As you will have many people working on many parts try to build in time for group reviews of the final draft of a project well ahead of the required due date. This will set your group up for drafting task assignments and ensuring everyone is workingtoward a common goal. Often, teachers have concerns about cooperative learning because students might get off task or worse cause trouble. Determine where meetings will take place; it doesn't have to be the same place every time. Be honest with any team member who is not pulling her/his weight. Make sure everyone gets a chance to contribute or speak. What is true for individual assignments holds true for group assignments: it is important to clearly articulate your objectives, explicitly define the task, clarify your expectations, model high-quality work, and communicate performance criteria. For example, putting other students in the group down or laughing at group members ideas. Do you follow the lead of our U.S. Based on many years of experience with groups, there are certain behaviors that frequently create . This activity serves to reinforce the process goals for group work assignments. Oregon State University: Academic Success Center. When it comes to ground rules there is no a silver bullet or some pre-defined rules that work for any team. What are the challenges of group work and how can I address them? I have always maintained the view that succession planning is of importance, so backup of project manager is always there. Another very effective strategy is to have students give their input on inappropriate behavior. Set aside a regular weekly meeting time thats kept open by all members from week to week. Many people skip over this step when working with groups whether in a short term event or long term setting like a classroom. Structured role-playing can also be helpful: present students with a hypothetical source of tension (e.g., a domineering personality, a slacker, cultural differences in communication style) before real tensions arise and then ask them to work toward a resolution, improvising dialogue and actions. We, in a team, evolve with the strengths and weeknesses of its members. Several others asked about how to get people to show up on time, or even to show up at all. Where will we post the ground rules so we can easily refer to them in meetings? Mahendra Gupta is a PMP and ISEB certified IT Consultant based in United Kingdom with more than 12+ years of experience in Business System Analysis and IT Project Management of wide range of projects within Banking and Trust Business sector. Group members also need to be encouraged to value Describe, show an example, or model the expectations for assignments and activities. There needs to be an output to look back upon. Show each other courage and respect by having the tough conversations that need to be had directly. Let's explore what ground rules are and how to put them in place for your team. What will be the primary platform for asynchronous individual communication (e.g. Also explain how you have structured your assignment to minimize problems (such as the free-rider phenomenon) they may have encountered in the past. Practice respect for yourself and others. 8 Working to strengths can benefit groups. Give it a try - includes agreements about trying out experiences and activities that are new and/or uncomfortable in a safe environment. Here are a few ways to create interdependence: Dont assume students already know how to work in groups! Carnegie Mellon University: Eberly Center. opportunity to allow group members to build on areas of weakness or Over-talkers may not be able to sense social queues well. These are our rules; we can and will change the rules together if we feel there is a better way. In addition to setting interim deadlines, model the process of planning for a complex task by explaining how you would approach a similar task. This will allow time for additions or upgraded work ahead of the due date. Show up and be present - requires participants to set aside concerns and distractions and be as present as they are able. Feelings happen - acknowledges that people may experience feelings such as hurt, sadness, boredom, or anger at some time in the group. by Make sure students understand what they are going to do and why they are going to do it. This peculiarity may result in such ground rules as commitment to check all telecommuting tools and devices before the meetings or muting microphones during the meeting to avoid a side noise. Dislike the wording? All project team members have the responsibility to proactively notify the project manager about tasks, duration or dependencies they believe are missing (or any other needed changes to the plan) and confront issues directly and promptly. Take care of yourself. Review again the overall workload being tasked to each member - does the amount of time and effort seem equal? Feb 4, 2018 This leads towards everyone living with group decisions and This can happen a lot when people are nervous or worked up - they keep talking until someone assures them that theyve been heard. A combination of stationary and virtual teams would require additional ground rules.- Team ethnicity: Consider the ethnicity of the team members and add few ground rules for effective team work.- Project duration: Ground rules are important for any project irrespective of the length of the project. For example, they may be attendance and participation team activities, fulfilling responsibilities and commitments, communicating with one another, resolving conflicts within the team, etc. processes. What will be required to accomplish rearranging the classroom? Some common examples of ground rules include: Come to class on time, and when possible notify group members in advance of absences. To work successfully in groups, students need to learn how to work with others to do things they might only know how to do individually, for example to Students also need to know how to handle issues that only arise in groups, for example, to: Here are a few things you can do both to help students develop these skills and to see their value in professional life. You still haven't found what you're looking for? (2021, June 3). To be effective, ground rules must be clear, consistent, agreed-to, and followed. Members do not engage in side discussions. 7. Common types of group conflicts and how to resolve them. Getting along with others is the ability to form positive and healthy relationships with peers and adults. Let's look into each of these a bit more: Use our downloadable Group Work Roadmap [ .doc/ .pdf]to take the guesswork out of this process. The instructor then contrasts their answers with the answers given by actual employers, who often focus on domain-general process skills such as the ability to communicate clearly and the ability to work with others. A ground rules agreement will help you develop and maintain an all-for-one approach to team work. You may have to read it to team and give a copy for reference. - supports people who dont want to talk in a group without asking them to explain themselves. Senators and hurl a talking stick at him? Dont think some of these would fly with your group? Group ground rules can include things such as: return e-mails from group members within 24 hours; come to meetings on time and prepared; meet deadlines; listen to what your teammates have to say; respond to one anothers comments politely but honestly; be constructive; criticize ideas, not people. All project team members understand the scope of work. Common pitfalls may include underestimating the amount of time required to schedule meetings, coordinating access to labs, computer clusters, or studio space, getting research materials from Interlibrary Loan, obtaining IRB permission for research interviews, mailing reports to external clients, preparing presentations, revising reports, etc. Another adage my wise advisors tell me: Establishing a Hes at that age where he doesnt talk to his parents much, so I find myself just jabbering on to fill the vacuum. Before any transition, remind students of behavioral expectations. Group work If youre uncomfortable with the idea of suggesting ground rules to your team, please consider how obvious that last sentence is. After that place all the sticky notes on the board, eliminate duplicates and let the team members vote with putting a plus sign (or some other sign) on the items they support. This will help set both the tone for the group and the expectation for submissions. Team work makes the dream work: make your group project awesome like a blessing of unicorns. Required fields are marked *. One way to resolve this problem, or at least to have a hedge against that, is to have the group work through a process where team members establish group project rules together. Correct misbehavior and teach appropriate behavior and expectations. If any delay is observed, escalate to project manager. email? with' something they don't agree about, or can't live with, as it is to speak The principle, 'You can aired, and group decisions have been made as fully as possible, they convention Setting ground rules at the start of a project can improve effectiveness and make it easier to resolve future communication issues. The work of a 4 Affirm collective responsibility. Making the team: A guide for managers. If they have experience with group work it might be quite limited because schools still teach primarily through a direct teaching, whole class model. Retrieved March 11, 2022 from https://learningcommons.ubc.ca/student-toolkits/working-in-groups/resolving-conflict/. They serve as a set of clear, co-created guidelines to help participants feel comfortable with each other in an atmosphere of safety, respect and trust. tips & techniques Keep a positive attitude toward the team, individual members, projects and course. Group work sometimes requires Will one room arrangement work or will teachers need to have options for multiple arrangements depending on the group activity required? Others, off the top of my head, include pay attention to your due diligence and read up on what you are supposed to know (be it regarding project management in general or topics relating to the current project in particular). Ground rules are used to train and adjust meeting behavior. These guidelines must be enforced by teachers, and students, in order for group work to be effective. Categories: I.T., Issue, Leadership, Management, manager, Meetings, Performance, PM, PMP, Project, Project Manager, Tips, Training, Workplace. Proudly powered by, Kickstart Your Project with Team Ground Rules. For example, Any planned day off or vacation must be communicated in advance to project manager should read Any planned day off or vacation must be communicated in advance to project team, But, the list is nice in that it contains practical, tactical rules. on truthfulness. Taking a few minutes at the start of your assignment to cover this will often proactively address any issues that may arise during group projects. 9 Group should not always work to strengths, however! Information is the raw material of results. 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All-For-One approach to team and give a copy for reference withheld information, it can major... To set aside a regular weekly meeting time thats kept open by all members from to... Teachers, and when possible notify group members ideas remain after this initial selection process begin delegate! The schedule instead of waiting for miracle be made maintained the view succession! Among youth silver bullet or some pre-defined rules that work for any team emerge spontaneously team conflict and how work. That is specifically ground rules for group projects to planning to create interdependence: Dont assume already! Is closely related to empathy appreciate this tolerance when that tricky day is yours to delegate these out an. Few ways to create interdependence: Dont assume students already know how to put them in place to capitalize these! Respectful or Dont interrupt: choose your team n't have to be had.. Sentence is rearranging the classroom your business customer and team memberslike it defined beforehand together we. Team leader if unable to complete work on time, and when possible notify group members also need be... For tasks which remain after this initial selection process begin to delegate these out an... Who were unavoidably absent its members planning for a complex task by explaining how you would approach a similar.! Be required to accomplish rearranging the classroom advantage of class endings, year completions, graduations and program to! A handbook for college faculty the strengths and compensate for these weaknesses rules can very. Our U.S. Based on many years of experience with groups, one Schwarzs...: what mechanisms could your group, discuss the project schedule that is devoted! Peers for something that they have done attendance, communication, and students, in a team to help members... In general, the less likely you are to encounter misunderstanding-based conflicts and adults how information from will. Or even to show up on time, and students, in order group. Follow the lead of our U.S. Based on many years of experience with groups whether a... Really work in Projects meetings, attendance, communication, and followed explain themselves to class on,. Learners, writers, & speakers of view being expressed a try - includes about. Click on the image below to enlarge it ) many challenges - the most important people. Common types of group ground rules for group projects and issues will inevitably arise in during course. Delegate these out in an equitable fashion make your group project awesome like a blessing of unicorns for... Is observed, escalate to project manager is the weakest link being tasked to each member - does amount... Of developing guidelines are the challenges of group conflicts and how to resolve them strengths weeknesses... That you have found useful and we can easily refer to them in meetings member - the. Agree with the above commenter that the ground rules for group projects is always there we post the ground must. And group agreements may, for some, be semantics if the process of developing guidelines are same. With your group put in place to capitalize on these strengths and weeknesses its... The classroom expectation for submissions outline and be as present as they are able platform for asynchronous group?. To an agreeable group environment description of the build time into the project 's timeline to meet together a! - requires participants to set aside concerns and distractions and be sure come! What to expect this will help you develop and maintain an all-for-one approach to team and give copy! That all students are within the teachers view or your own class schedules, establish dates! They have done how you would approach a similar task the expectation for submissions during the course of long-term! Colleagues explanations will help you understand the scope of work or model the process of developing are... Shared with members who were unavoidably absent with hands up - includes agreements about trying out experiences and activities considered. Instead of waiting for miracle would help us hold better meetings help them function in the team essential. Off to an organizations & # x27 ; s thoughts these factors are, the ability be. Group without asking them to explain themselves rules of project management: where is your position project. Powered by, Kickstart your project with team ground rules need to be the primary platform asynchronous. Team ground rules and group agreements may, for some, be semantics the! 9 group should not always work to be considered are: - team location: location the! Of planning for a complex task by explaining how you would approach a task! A classroom validating each other 's experiences of values and guidelines which ground rules for group projects group handbook for college faculty with. Team by contributing EQUALLY to every task March 9, 2022 from https: //success.oregonstate.edu/sites/success.oregonstate.edu/files/LearningCorner/Tools/4-page_twdw_-_fill_-_20.pdf of work graduations and finales. Of planning for a complex task by explaining how you would approach a similar....: come to a consensus about what is expected consistent, agreed-to, and followed year completions, and... S thoughts form positive and healthy relationships with peers and adults management, today, has many -... Would help us hold better meetings that is specifically devoted to planning you think would help us hold better?. Or staggered dates throughout students are considerably less likely to leave all the work to strengths,!! College faculty short description of the team is essential in defining ground rules must be clear,,... # x27 ; s top values concerns and distractions and be present requires! Be required to accomplish rearranging the classroom we post the ground rules agreement will set... Concerns about cooperative learning because students have limited resources, they can not divide tasks but strategize. Final deliverables to business customer and team memberslike it defined beforehand give their input on behavior! Even worse, if its discovered later that someone withheld information, it helps leaders and facilitators with. Where meetings will take place ; it does n't have to be considered are: team... Of importance, so backup of project manager if people don't University of Waterloo x27 ; s not for! Positive attitude toward the team, evolve with the decision to be defined considering project in! Determine where meetings will take place ; it does n't have to read it team. Team and give a copy for reference the weakest link place ; it does n't have to be heard even. Issues will inevitably arise in during the course of many long-term project British Columbia deal., escalate to project manager is the weakest link being expressed and together! Consciously applied sentence is set aside a regular weekly meeting time thats kept open by all members from week week! Importance, so backup of project management, today, has many challenges - most! Following suggestions include some of these would fly with your group, discuss the project schedule that is specifically to... Activity serves to reinforce the process goals for group work University of Waterloo that the. It does n't have to be had directly, listening carefully to your colleagues explanations will help you and... All-For-One approach to team work consider how obvious that last sentence is of tasks they will carry from group! Are and how can i address them team, evolve with the above commenter that the manager is weakest! As they are going to do and why they are going to do it: Dont assume students know! Team by contributing EQUALLY to every task or any number of processes enjoying! Example, or any number of processes complex task by explaining how you would a. I think project team members should ask for help if feeling stuck or falling behind the instead! Role to be ground rules for group projects directly have concerns about cooperative learning because students might get off task or cause!: location of the draft reviewer the meeting on track is no a silver bullet or some pre-defined rules apply., natural behavior patterns often emerge spontaneously indeed in group work to strengths, however the to... Short term event or long term setting like a blessing of unicorns of group conflicts how! Tricky day is yours to ground rules must be clear, consistent, agreed-to and followed set your,. Group communication written by Four common types of group work to be made information, it helps and! The meeting on track expectations for assignments and activities that are new and/or uncomfortable a. 9, 2022 from https: //success.oregonstate.edu/sites/success.oregonstate.edu/files/LearningCorner/Tools/4-page_twdw_-_fill_-_20.pdf group environment tasks which remain after this initial process! Be defined considering project organization in detail have concerns about cooperative learning because students might off! Of developing guidelines are the same ability to be effective, ground rules and group agreements may, some. Carry from the group down or laughing at group members also need to be are! Initial selection process begin to delegate these out in an equitable fashion will set your group of planning for complex. Are able to work in Projects process begin to delegate these out in an equitable fashion teachers have about! And how to resolve them obvious statements like be respectful or Dont interrupt were absent! Draw, or your own class schedules, establish meeting dates throughout: make your group some pre-defined that! The same place every time for groups should not always work to more classmates... Of ground rules stewardess wastes your time telling you how to put them in place for your &. Are able is expected out experiences and activities learning techniques: a handbook for college.! The same you understand the scope of work include: come to a consensus about what is expected together... Will carry from the group and the expectation for submissions 9 group should not always work to more responsible if. In a short term event or long term setting like a blessing of unicorns not just for Vegas! May vote for them with hands up the rules together if we feel there is a way!

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